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癌症專有名詞中英文對照表
(General Cancer Terminology)
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中醫常用療法術語
(Chinese Medicine Therapy Terminology)
※
中醫
[zhōngyī]
■ 名詞 [醫學]
traditional
Chinese medicine
■ 名詞 [醫生]
doctor of
traditional Chinese medicine
■ 東方醫學 Oriental Medicine
■「中醫師」Doctor of Oriental
Medicine (O.M.D)
■「針灸」的英文是" Acupuncture "
。
中醫常用詞彙英文翻譯
Terms Commonly Used in TCM
來源：醫學全在線
中國醫藥學 Traditional Chinese Medicine
治未病 prevention of disease
中醫基礎理論 Basic theory
of traditional Chinese medicine
臟腑 zang-organs and fu-organs, viscera
臨床經驗 clinical experience
功能活動 functional
activities
辨證論治 treatment based on syndrome
differentiation
形神統一 unity of the body and
spirit
本草 materia medica, herbs
陰陽失調 imbalance of yin and yang
中藥 Chinese
materia medica, Chinese medicinal herbs
條達舒暢 free development
四氣五味 four properties
and five tastes
延年益壽 prolonging life,
promising longevity
針灸 acupuncture and
moxibustion, acumox
養生防病 cultivating health
to prevent disease
各家學說 theories of different
schools
正氣 healthy qi, vital qi
汗法 diaphoresis, sweating therapy
病邪 pathogenic factor
下法 purgative therapy,
purgation
整體觀念 concept of holism
吐法 emetic therapy, vomiting therapy
疾病的本質與現象 nature and manifestations of disease
補土派 school of invigorating the earth
陰陽的相對平衡 relative balance between yin and yang
病因學說 etiology
疾病的發生與發展 occurrence and
development of disease
養生 health-cultivation,
同病異治 treating the same disease with
different therapies
醫療實踐 medical practice
異病同治 treating different diseases with the same
therapy
治療原則 therapeutic principles
五臟 five zang-organs, five zang-viscera
寒涼藥物 herbs of cold and cool nature, cold-natured
herbs
六腑 six fu-organs, six fu-viscera
滋陰降火 nourishing yin to lower/reduce fire
經絡系統 system of meridians and collaterals
滋水涵木 enriching water to nourish wood
余熱未盡 incomplete abatement of heat
瘀血致瀉 disease caused by blood stasis
有機整體 organic wholeness/integrity
先天之精 congenital essence
表裏關系 exterior and
interior relation
形與神俱 inseparability of the
body and spirit
開竅 opening into
開胃 promoting appetite
自然現象 natural phenomena
脈象 pulse conditions, pulse pattern
哲學概念 philosophical concept
邪正關係 states of
pathogenic factors and healthy qi
對立統一 unity
of opposites
發熱惡寒 fever and aversion to cold
相互消長 mutual waning and waxing
頭身疼痛 headache and body pain
相互轉化 mutual
transformation
久痢脫肛 proctoptosis due to
prolonged dysentery
陰陽屬性 nature of yin and
yang
養陰清熱 nourishing yin and clearing away
heat
相互聯系 interrelation
清肺熱 clear away
lung-heat
相互制約 mutual restraint, mutual
restriction/interaction
濕邪犯肺 pathogenic
dampness invading the lung
動態平衡 dynamic
equilibrium
清熱瀉火 clearing away heat and
reducing fire
陰平陽秘 yin and yang in
equilibrium
腠理 muscular interstices, striae,
interstitial space
陰陽的互根互用 interdependence of
yin and yang
水濕停滯 retention of water and
dampness, water retention
相互依存 interdependence
癃閉 retention of urine
陰陽離絕 separation of yin and yang
氣血運行 circulation/flow of qi and blood
相反相成 opposite and supplementary to each
陰陽轉化 transformation between yin and yang
生理功能 physiological functions
陽消陰長 yang waning
and yin waxing
病理變化 pathological changes
陰勝則陽病 predominance of yin leading to disorder of
yang
臨床診斷 clinical diagnosis
陰勝則陽病 an
excess of yin leads to deficiency of yang
陽勝生外熱 exuberance of yang leading to exterior heat
陽勝則熱 predominance of yang generating heat
陽中求陰 obtaining yang from yin
寒極生熱 extreme
cold generating heat
絕對偏盛 absolute
predominance
熱極生寒 extreme heat generating
cold
陽虛則寒 yang deficiency leading to cold
陽損及陰 impairment of yang involving yin
陰陽俱損 simultaneous consumption of yin and yang
陰液不足 insufficiency of yin-fluid
陰陽兩虛 simultaneous deficiency of both yin and yang
病機總綱 general principle of pathogenesis
陽虛發熱 fever due to yang deficiency
病機 pathomechanism, pathological mechanism
陰陽自和 natural harmony between yin and yang
陰陽勝複 alternative predominance of yin and yang
木乘土 the wood over-restrains the earth
虛寒證 deficiency-cold syndrome
木火刑金 wood-fire
impairs the metal
扶陽退陰 strengthening yang to
reduce yin
金水相生 generation between the metal
and water
祛風散寒 expelling/eliminating wind to
dispersing cold
生克制化 interrelationship
between generation and restriction
消導積滯 promoting digestion and removing food retention
制則生化 restriction ensuring generation
潛陽熄風 suppressing yang to quench wind
母病及子 disease of the mother-organ affecting the
child-organ
五行學說 theory of five elements
傳變 transmission of disease, progress of disease
運動變化 motion and variation
子病犯母 disease of
the child-organ affecting the mother-organ
正邪相爭 struggle/combat between healthy qi and
pathogenic factors
肝腎精血不足 insufficiency of
liver and kidney essence and blood
相生相克 mutual generation and restriction
肝陽上亢 hyperactivity of liver yang
生我，我生 to be
generated and to generate
心肝血虛 asthenia /
deficiency of heart and liver blood
克我，我克 to
be restricted and to restrict
心肝火旺 exuberance
of heart and liver fire
生中有制 restriction
within generation
心火亢盛 hyperactivity/exuberance of heart fire
克中有生 generation within restriction
滋腎養肝 nourishing the kidney and liver
木曰曲直 wood is characterized by growing freely and
peripherally
方位配五行 correspondence of the
directions to the five elements
火曰炎上 fire is
characterized by flaming up
溫腎健脾 warming the
kidney and strengthening the spleen
土爰稼穑 earth is characterized by cultivation and
reaping
腎陽式微 declination of kidney yang
金曰從革 metal is characterized by change
脾陽不振 inactivation of spleen yang
病緩起 gradual
onset of disease
脾胃虛弱 hypofunction/weakness
of the spleen and stomach
肝陰不足 insufficiency
of liver yin
地道不通 menopause
相乘相侮 over-restriction and reverse restriction
平肝和胃 soothing the liver and harmonizing the
stomach
水濕停聚 retention of water-dampness
水火不濟 discordance between water and fire
腎陰不足 insufficiency of kidney yin
藏象學說 theory
of visceral manifestations
心腎不交 disharmony
between the heart and kidney
奇恒之腑 extraordinary fu-organs
宣通水道 dredging
water passage
水谷精微 cereal nutrients, essence
of water and food
通調水道 dredging and
regulating water passage
傳化水谷 transmission
and transformation of food
行氣利水 activating qi
to excrete water
貯藏精氣 storage of essence
水液停滯 retention of fluid
治療效果 curative /
therapeutic effect
後天之本 postnatal / acquired
base of life
藏而不瀉 storage without excretion
調暢氣機 regulating qi activity
瀉而不藏 excretion without storage
肝氣上逆 upward
flow of liver qi
表熱裏寒 exterior heat and
interior cold
水曰潤下 water is characterized by
moistening and downward flowing
肝旺脾虛 hyperfunction of the liver and weakness of the
spleen醫.學.全.在線.網.站.提供
脾主運化 the spleen
governing transportation and transformation
大肉陷下 obvious emaciation and muscular atrophy,
extreme emaciation
肝氣郁結 stagnation of liver
qi
面色紅潤 ruddy complexion, rosy cheeks
膽虛證 gallbladder deficiency syndrome
膽虛不得眠 insomnia due to gallbladder asthenia
腐熟水谷 digesting food
導便法 laxation
食欲不振 poor appetite
跌打損傷 traumatic injury
脘腹脹悶 epigastric distension and depression
動靜結合 integration of motion and
quietness/stillness
嗳氣酸腐 eructation with
fetid odor
定喘 relieving asthma
泌別清濁 separating the clear from the turbid
心主血脈 the heart controlling blood and vessels
食物殘渣 residue of food
心氣充沛 abundance of heart
qi
大腸主傳導 the large intestine governing
transmission and transportation
防禦外邪入侵 preventing the invasion of exogenous
pathogenic factor
癃閉 dysuria, retention of
urine, anuria and dysuria
血液充盈 plenty of
blood
面黃肌瘦 emaciation with sallow complexion
脈道不利 unsmoothness of vessels
止珠偏斜 strabismus, squint, ocular deviation
面色無華 lusterless complexion
調節水液 regulation of
water
脈象細弱 thin and weak pulse
排泄糟粕 excretion of waste material
面色萎黃 sallow
complexion
髓海不足 insufficiency of marrow-sea
汗血同源 sweat and blood sharing the same origin
精神委靡 dispiritedness, listlessness, lower spirit
升降出入 ascending, descending, coming in and going
out
月經不調 irregular menstruation
氣爲血帥 qi serves as the commander of the blood
沖任不固 weakness of thoroughfare and conception vessels
氣血凝滯 stagnation of qi and blood
經期延長 prolonged menstruation
血瘀 blood stasis
小腸實熱 sthenia-heat in the small intestine
氣滯腰痛 lumbago due to qi stagnation
氣機調暢 smooth
activity of qi
氣虛滑胎 habitual abortion due to
qi asthenia
該文章轉載自醫學全在線：http://www.med126.com/yingyu/2008/23228.shtml
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Common Tumor Markers/Cancer Types (Normal Range)
AFP（甲型胎兒蛋白）/肝癌（<20 ng/ml）
CEA（癌胚胎抗原）/大腸癌、肝癌、乳癌、胰臟癌、胃癌、前列腺癌、卵巢癌、白血病（<3.0
ng/ml）
CA125/卵巢癌、子宮內膜異位症、子宮肌腺症、骨盆腔炎、骨盆腔粘連（<35U/ml）
CA153/乳癌、卵巢癌、肺癌、肝癌（＜25 U/ml.）
CA199/胰道癌、胃癌、大腸直腸癌、婦科癌症（<35U/ml）
PSA/前列腺癌、前列腺腫大、生殖系統發炎（<4 ng/ml）
「癌症專有名詞」
Common Cancer Terminologies
乳癌 (Breast
Cancer)
Areola of nipple 乳暈
Axilla 腋部
Axillary Dissection 腋切除術
BRCA l
乳癌基因一號
Breast Cancer 乳癌
Breast Conservation
Therapy 乳房保留治療
Breast Implant 乳房填充物
Breast
Reconstruction 乳房再造術
Breast Self-Exam (BSE)
乳房自我檢查
Calcification 鈣化
Clinical Breast
Examination 臨床乳部檢查
Cyst 囊腫
Dimpling 淺凹
Duct
腺管
Duct Ectasia 乳腺管擴張
Ductal Carcinoma in Situ
原位乳腺管癌
Ductal Papillomas 腺管乳頭狀瘤
Estrogen 動情激素
Estrogen Receptor Assay 動情激素受體分析
Estrogen
Replacement Therapy 動情激素補助治療
Fibroadenoma 纖維腺瘤
Fibrocystic Changes 纖維囊腫性的變化
Fibrosis 纖維變性
Galactocele 乳腺囊腫
HER2/neu gene 乳部致癌基因
Hormone
荷爾蒙，激素
Hormone Receptor Assay 荷爾蒙激素受體分析
Infiltrating Ductal Carcinoma 浸潤性乳腺管癌
Internal
Mammary Nodes 內乳房淋巴結
Intraductal Papilloma
乳腺管內乳頭狀瘤
Invasive lobular Carcinoma 侵入性乳葉癌
Limited Breast Surgery 局限乳房手術
Lobes 乳葉
Lobular
Carcinoma In Situ 原位乳葉癌
Lobular Carcinoma (of the
Breast, Infiltrating or Invasive) 浸潤性或侵入性乳葉癌
Localized Breast Cancer 局部的乳癌
Lump 腫塊
Lumpectomy 腫塊切除術
Mammoplasty 乳房整型術
Mammogram,
Mammography 乳房X光攝影術
Mastectomy 乳房切除術
Extended
radical mastectomy 廣泛乳房根除術
Halsted radical
mastectomy 哈耳斯蒂特氏乳房根除術
Modified radical
mastectomy 改良式乳房根除術
Partial mastectomy 部分乳房切除術
Prophylactic mastectomy 預防性乳房切除術
Quadrantectomy
四分之一乳房切除術
Segmental mastectomy 分節式乳房切除術
Simple
mastectomy 單純式乳房切除術
Subcutaneous mastectomy
皮下式乳房切除術
Mastitis 乳房炎
Medullary Carcinoma 髓狀癌
Menarche 初經
Menopause 停經
Multicentric Breast
Cancer 多中心的乳癌
Nipple 乳頭
Nipple Discharge 乳頭分泌物
Paget’s Disease of the Nipple 乳頭的柏哲德氏症
Pectoral
Muscles 胸肌
Ploidy 染色體套數
Progesterone 黃體酮，黃體激素
Progesterone receptor Assay 黃體激素受體分析
Prophylactic
mastectomy 預防性乳房摘除術
Prosthesis 人工彌補物，義乳
Rectus Abdominus Flap Procedure 腹直肌皮片過程
Sentinel
lymph node biopsy 探測性淋巴結切片檢查
Silicone Gel l 矽膠
Stereotactic Core Needle Biopsy 刺針活體實體中心組織檢驗
Total Mastectomy 完全乳房切除手術
Unilateral 單側的
前列腺(攝護腺)癌(Prostate Cancer)
Androgen 雄性激素、雄性荷爾蒙
Antiandrogen 抗雄性荷爾蒙藥物
Benign Prostate Hypertrophy (BPH) 良性前列腺肥腫
Bladder
Neck 膀胱頸
Capsule 前列腺體表面的一層保護膜
Casodex
荷爾蒙藥名，又稱Bicalutamide
Castration 去勢，睪丸切除
Conformal Radiotherapy 立體順形放射治療
Digital Rectal
Examination (DRE) 肛門指檢、食指肛門觸診
Erectile
Dysfunction 不舉，陰莖無法勃起
External Beam Radiation
Therapy 體外放射治療
Extracapsular Extension 腺體外蔓延
Flare 突然的一陣燥熱，荷爾蒙治療的一種反應現象
Flutamide
荷爾蒙藥名，又稱Eulexin
Foley Catheter 導尿管，插於尿道內
Gleason Grade 由Gleason 氏所發展的衡量前列腺癌惡性程度的方法，將其分為五
階段
Gleason Score 將一前列腺癌裏最高的兩項Gleason Grade
相加，即為Gleason
Score
Gynecomastia
男性乳部增大，為荷爾蒙治療的一種反應現象
Heavy Ion Radiotherapy
重離子放射治療
High Dose Rate (HDR) Brachytherapy
高劑量率近距放射治療
Hormonal Therapy 荷爾蒙治療
Hot Flashes
燥熱，荷爾蒙治療的一種反應現象
Hypothalamus 視丘下部，位於腦內
Impotence 陽萎
Incontinence 排尿失禁
Intensity
Modulated Radiation Therapy (IMRT) 強度調控放射治療法
Interstitial Radiation Therapy 組織內放射治療
Laparoscopic Pelvic Lymph Node Dissection
骨盆腔內視鏡淋巴腺切除術
Libido 性欲
Lupron
荷爾蒙藥名，又稱Leuprolide
Luteinizing Hormone Releasing
Hormone (LHRH) 黃體荷爾蒙刺激素
Medical Physicist 醫學物理師
Neoadjuvant Hormonal Therapy 預先輔佐性荷爾蒙治療
Nerve
Sparing Radical Prostatectomy 神經存留根除式前列腺切除手術
Neurovascular Bundles 神經血管束
Neutron Therapy
中子放射治療
Nocturia 夜間多尿
Orchiectomy 睾丸切除術
Organ-confined 局限於器官內
Penis 陰莖
Perineum 會陰處
Periprostatic Tissue 前列腺週圍組織
Permanent Implant
永久性植入物
Pituitary Gland 腦下垂體
Proctitis 直腸發炎
Proscar 荷爾蒙藥名，又稱Finasteride
Prostate 前列腺
Prostate Acid Phosphatase (PAP) 前列腺酸性磷酸鹽酵素
Prostate Cancer 前列腺癌
Prostate Specific Antigen
(PSA) 前列腺特異抗原
Prostatectomy 前列腺切除手術
Prostatitis 前列腺發炎
Radical Prostatectomy
根除式前列腺切除手術
Radioactive Seed Implant 放射性種子植入治療
Remote Afterloader 遠隔後荷治療器
Salvage Therapy 挽救性治療
Scrotum 陰囊
Seminal Vesicle 精囊
Temporary
Implant 暫時性植入物
Total Androgen Blockade 雄性激素的完全阻擋
Transrectal Ultrasound (TRUS) 經由直腸的超音波檢查 (前列腺)
Transurethral Resection of Prostate (TURP)
經由尿道刮除前列腺手術
Urinary Hesitancy 排尿開始困難
Urinary
Incontinence 排尿失禁
Urinary Frequency 排尿頻繁
Urinary Retention 尿滯留
Urine 尿
Urology 泌尿科
Watchful Waiting 觀望式等待
Zoladex 荷爾蒙藥名，又稱Goserelin
Anastomosis 相接，吻合，吻合術
Barium enema 鋇劑灌腸
Colectomy 結腸切除術
Colon 結腸
Colonoscopy 結腸鏡檢驗法
Colostomy 結腸造口術
Constipation 便秘
Crohn's
disease 克隆氏腸道疾病
Diarrhea 腹瀉
Digital Rectal
Examination (DRE) 肛門指檢、食指肛門觸診
Enterostomy
Therapist 腸造口治療師
Fecal Occult Blood Test (FOBT)
糞便潛血試驗
Gastroenterologist 胃腸專科醫師
Gastrointestinal Tract 胃腸道
General anesthesia
全身麻醉
GI tract 胃腸道
Hepatic artery 肝動脈
Hepatic portal vein 肝門靜脈
Ileostomy 迴腸造口術
Local
anesthesia 局部麻醉
Lower GI series 下胃腸道攝影檢查
Polyp
息肉
Polypectomy 息肉摘除術
Radiofrequency ablation
週波腫瘤燒灼術
Rectum 大腸
Sigmoidoscopy 乙形大腸鏡檢查
Ulcerative colitis 潰瘍性大腸炎
Virtual colonoscopy
虛擬大腸鏡
α-knife 腦轉移之一種治療方式，以α-ray 作切除之法
Accelerated-Fractionation Radiotherapy 加速分次放射治療
Alveolar 肺泡的
Alveolus 肺泡，複數為Alveoli
Atelectasis 肺部的膨脹不全
Bronchial 支氣管的
Bronchiolus
細支氣管，複數為Bronchioli
Bronchitis 支氣管炎
Broncho-Alveolar Lavage (BAL) 支氣管和肺泡灌洗
Bronchoalveolar Carcinoma 支氣管肺泡癌
Bronchogenic
Carcinoma 支氣管原生癌，即肺癌
Bronchoscope 支氣管鏡
Bronchoscopy 支氣管鏡檢查
Bronchus 支氣管
Carina
(氣管的)隆凸，在左右支氣管交界處
Chest Radiograph 胸腔放射攝影
Chest Tube 胸管
Chest Wall 胸壁
Chest X-ray 胸腔X
光攝影
Conformal Radiotherapy 立體順形放射治療
Cough 咳嗽
CT Guided Needle Biopsy 電腦斷層掃瞄細針穿刺切片
Dyspnea 呼吸困難
Early Stage 早期
Endobronchial 支氣管內的
Extensive
Stage (小細胞肺癌的)廣佈期
Hemoptysis 咳血
Hilar 肺門的
Hilum 肺門
Hyperfractionated Radiotherapy 多分次放射治療
Inoperable 無法開刀的
Intensity Modulated Radiation
Therapy (IMRT) 強度調控放射治療法
Intraluminal 管道內的
Invasive Lobular Carcinoma 侵入性肺葉癌
Large Cell
Carcinoma 大細胞癌
Lobe 肺葉
Lobectomy 肺葉切除手術
Lobular Carcinoma In Situ (LCIS) 腺或肺小葉原位癌
Lobules
肺小葉，腺小葉
Lung 肺
Lung Cancer 肺癌
Lung Cancer,
Adenocarcinoma 肺腺癌
Lung Cancer, Bronchioalveolar
Carcinoma 肺支氣管肺泡性肺癌
Lung Cancer, Large Cell
大細胞類肺癌
Lung Cancer, Non Small Cell Carcinoma
非小細胞性肺癌
Lung Cancer, Small Cell Carcinoma 小細胞肺癌
Lung Cancer, Squamous Carcinoma 鱗狀上皮肺癌
Lymphadenophthy 淋巴病變
Mediastinal Lymph Node
Dissection 縱隔腔淋巴結摘除術
Mediatinoscope 縱膈腔内視鏡檢查
Mediastinum 縱膈腔
Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer
(NSCLC) 非小細胞肺癌
Obstructive Pneumonitis 阻塞性肺炎
Operable 可以開刀的
Pericardium 心膜、心包
Pleura 胸膜、肋膜
Pleuracentesis 胸膜液穿放術
Pleural Biopsy 胸膜切片
Pleural Effusion 胸膜滲液
Pleurodesis
胸膜黏合術，一般用在大量胸膜積水之治療
Pleuritis 胸膜炎
Pneumonectomy 全肺切除手術
Pneumonitis 肺的炎症
Prophylactic Cranial Irradiation (PCI) 預防式頭部放射
Pulmonary 肺的
Pulmonary Function Test (PFT) 肺功能檢驗
Radiation Dermatitis 放射治療引起的皮膚炎
Radiation
Pneumonitis 放射治療引起的肺炎
Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve
喉返神經
Renal Insufficiency 腎功能不全
Respectable
可被切除的(腫瘤)
Respiration 呼吸
Respiratory 呼吸的
Rib 肋骨
Segmental Resection 肺小節切除手術
Sequential
Treatment 化療、放療分開給予之治療
Shortness of Breath 氣喘
Small Cell Lung Cancer (SCLC) 小細胞肺癌
Sputum 痰
Sputum Cytology 痰細胞化驗
Squamous Cell Carcinoma
鱗狀細胞癌
Stridor 喘鳴、哮鳴
Superior Sulcus 上腔溝
Superior Vena Cava (SVC) 上腔靜脈
Supportive Care
支持治療
Thoracenthesis 胸腔穿刺術
Thoracic 胸腔的
Thoracic Oncology 胸腔腫瘤科
Thoracic Surgery 胸腔外科
Thoracoscope 胸腔鏡，為診斷之方法
Thoracoscopy 胸腔鏡檢查
Thoractomy 開胸手術
Thorax 胸腔
Trachea 氣管
Transbronchial Biopsy 穿越支氣管切片檢查
Unresectable
無法切除的(腫瘤)
Wedge Resection 肺部楔形切除手術
Wheeze 哮喘
肝炎及肝癌 (Hepatitis and Liver Cancer)
Acute
Hepatitis 急性肝炎
Aflatoxin 黃麴毒素
Alcohol
Injection 酒精注射
Alfa-Fetoprotein 胎兒甲型蛋白
Angiogram 血管造影
Ascites 腹水
Bile 膽、膽汁
Bile Duct 膽道、膽管
Blirbin 膽色素
Bruise 瘀血
Chemoembolization 化學栓塞治療
Cholangiocarcinoma 膽管癌
Chronic Active 慢性活動性
Chronic Hepatitis 慢性肝炎
Chronic Persist Hepatitis 慢性持續性肝炎
Cirrhosis 硬化
Coagulopathy 血凝集異常，為一種常見的肝癌併發症
Coagurgical
Ablation 冷凍外科手術
Cryotherapy 冷凍治療
Encephalopathy 肝昏迷
Esophageal Varhes
食道靜脈曲張，為一種肝癌之晚期現象
Gall Bladder 膽囊
Gall Bladder
Cancer 膽囊癌
Hepatic Vein 肝靜脈
Hepatitis 肝炎
Hepatitis A Vaccine A(甲)型肝炎疫苗
Hepatitis B B(乙)型肝炎
Hepatitis B Vaccine B(乙)型肝炎疫苗
Hepatitis C C(丙)型肝炎
Hepato Encephalopathy 肝病造成的腦病變，為一種常見的肝癌或肝炎併發症
Hepatoma 肝腫瘤
Hepato-Renal Failure 肝腎衰竭，為一種晚期症狀
Immunization 免疫
Interferon 干擾素，係治療肝炎之方法之一
Lamivudine (Epivir) 口服藥，抑制B(乙)型肝炎病毒
Liver 肝臟
Liver Cancer 肝癌
Liver Cirrhosis 肝硬化，係肝織維化
Liver Function Tests 肝功能檢驗
Liver Function 肝功能
Liver Transplantation 肝臟移植手術
Lobe (肝)葉
Lobectony (肝)葉切除術
Muscle Wasting 肌肉消耗
Neuroendocrine Tumor 神經內分泌瘤
Portal Hypertension
肝門高血壓
Portal Vein 肝門靜脈
Rebetron 治療肝炎的口服藥
Ribavirin (Rebetol) 治療肝炎的口服藥，可與干擾素並用治療C(丙)型肝炎
SGOT/SGPT 肝細胞轉氨酶
Stomach Bleeding 胃出血
Thrombi
血栓
Variceal Hemorrhage 靜脈曲張出血
Wedge Resection
鍥型切除術，係用在小區域之切除
胃癌 (Stomach Cancer)
Achlorhydria 胃酸缺乏症
Digestive System 消化系統
Dumping Syndrome 胃切除後産生的腹瀉、嘔吐等現象
Endoscopy 內視鏡
Esophagus 食道
Gastrectomy 胃切除術
Gastric 胃
Gastric Atrophy 胃萎縮
Gastroenterologist 胃腸專家
Gastroscope 胃鏡
Helicobacter Pylori 幽門螺旋菌
Intraoperative Radiation Therapy 手術中放療
Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy 腹腔內化療
Krukenberg
Tumor 胃轉移至卵巢腫瘤
Peristalsis 蠕動
Peritoneum 腹膜
Pernicious Anemia 缺B12 性貧血
Small Intestine 小腸
Upper GI Series 上消化道攝影
Angiogenesis inhibitor 血管生成抑制因子
Cone biopsy
錐形組織切片檢查
Conization 錐形切除術
Curette 刮除
Endocervical curettage 子宮頸內刮除術
Fallopian tubes
輸卵管
Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) 人類乳突病毒
Kaposi's sarcoma 卡波西氏惡性腫瘤
Laparoscope 腹腔鏡
Loop
electrosurgical excision procedure (LEEP) 電圈外科切除術
Lymphangiogram 淋巴管(造影)照片，淋巴管X 光照片
Pelvis 骨盆
Radical hysterectomy 子宮根除手術
Radioactive seed
放射性種子
Rectum 直腸
Sonogram 超聲波掃描圖
Speculum 窺鏡
Spinal column 脊柱，脊椎
Total hysterectomy 全子宮切除
Unilateral/Bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy 單側/雙側輸卵管
- 卵巢切除術
鼻咽癌 (Nasopharyngeal Cancer)
Cartilage 軟骨
Connective tissue 結締組織
Cordectomy 索帶切除術
Dye 染料，染劑
Endoscope 內視鏡
Epiglottis 會厭軟骨
Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) 埃-巴二氏病毒
Esophagoscopy 食管鏡檢查
Esophagus 食道
Fractionated
radiation therapy 分次放射治療
Glottis 聲門
Glucose 血糖
Hemilaryngectomy 半喉切除術
Hypopharyngeal cancer 下咽癌
Hypopharynx 咽下部，下咽部，喉咽 (部)
Intensity-modulated
radiation therapy (IMRT) 強度調控放射治療
Isotretinoin
維甲酸衍生物，第二代維他命A 酸
Laryngoscope 喉鏡
Laryngoscopy
喉鏡檢查
Larynx 喉
Nasopharynx 鼻咽
Nasoscope 鼻鏡
Nasoscopy 鼻鏡檢查
Neck dissection 頸部切除術
Neoadjuvant therapy 新的輔助治療
Neurological exam 神經檢查
Oropharynx 口咽
Partial laryngectomy 部分喉切除手術
Pharynx 咽
Pituitary gland 腦下垂體
Plummer-Vinson
syndrome 普鲁默-文森綜合症
Radiosensitizers 放射增敏劑
Soft
palate 軟顎骨
Soft tissue 軟體組織
Subglottis 聲門下區
Supraglottic laryngectomy 聲門上喉頭切除術
Supraglottis
聲門上區
Thyroid 甲狀腺
Thyroidectomy 甲狀腺切除術
Tonsils 扁桃體
Total laryngectomy 全喉切除術
Vocal
cords 聲帶
Alpha feto protein (AFP) 甲型胎兒蛋白
33
Biologic therapy 生物治療法
Biotherapy 生物療法
CA 125
assay 腫瘤指數CA-125 檢驗
Dysgerminoma 無性细胞瘤，惡性胚胎瘤
Germ cell tumors 生殖細胞腫瘤
Human chorionic
gonadotropin (HCG) 人類絨毛膜性腺激素
Intraperitoneal (IP)
chemotherapy 腹腔內化學治療
Laparotomy 剖腹手術
Lymphangiography 淋巴系統攝影
Omentectomy 網膜切除術
Omentum 網膜
Ovarian epithelial cancer 卵巢上皮性癌
Ovarian Germ Cell Tumors 卵巢惡性生殖细胞肿瘤
Ovarian Low
Malignant Potential Tumors 低惡性度卵巢腫瘤
Peritoneal
cavity 腹膜腔
Peritoneum 腹膜
Prophylactic
oophorectomy 預防性卵巢切除術
Second-look surgery 二次探查術
Targeted therapy 標靶療法
Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)
後天免疫缺乏症候群, 俗稱愛滋病
Adrenal glands 腎上腺
Aggressive
lymphomas 急性淋巴瘤
Aorta 主動脈，大動脈
Autoimmune
disease 自體免疫疾病
Autologous/allogeneic stem cell
transplant 自體/異體幹細胞移植
B lymphocytes B 淋巴细胞
Blood chemistry studies 血液化學檢驗
Blood-brain
barrier 血腦屏障
Blood-brain barrier disruption
血腦屏障破裂
Burkitt leukemia 伯基特氏白血病
Burkitt
lymphoma 伯基特氏淋巴瘤
Central Nervous System 中樞神經系統
Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) 腦脊髓液
Cerebrum 大腦
CNS
prophylaxis 中樞神經預防
Complete blood count (CBC)
全部血细胞計數
Core biopsy 核心切片術
Cytogenetic 染色體鑑定術
Diaphragm 隔膜
Epstein-Barr virus 埃-巴二氏病毒
Excisional biopsy 切除活組織檢查
Field 放射治療之區域
Flowcytometry 細胞液像分析
Follicle 細胞聚集之區域
Gallium
scan 鎵掃瞄
Glucocorticoids 糖皮質激素
Helicobacter pylori 幽門螺旋桿菌
Hemoglobin 血紅蛋白
Hodgkin’s Lymphoma 何杰金氏淋巴癌
Immunophenotyping 免疫分型
Incisional biopsy 切取活檢
Indolent lymphoma 慢性淋巴瘤
Intrathecal chemotherapy 脊鞘内化學治療
Intraventricular
chemotherapy 腦室內化學治療
Lactate dehydrogenase 乳酸脫氫酶
Liver function tests 肝功能檢查
Lumbar puncture 腰椎穿刺
Lymph vessels 淋巴管
Lymphoblastic lymphoma 淋巴細胞淋巴瘤
Lymphoproliferative disease 淋巴增生性疾病
Mantle cell
lymphoma 外套細胞淋巴瘤
Mantle field 外套區
Meninges
腦脊膜，腦脊髓膜
Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma 非何杰金氏淋巴癌
Psoriasis 銀屑病，牛皮癬
Rheumatoid arthritis 類風濕性關節炎
Sedimentation rate 沈澱速率，沈降速率
Sjögren's syndrome
乾燥症候群，修格蘭氏症候群
Spleen 脾臟
Stem Cell 骨髓幹細胞
T
lymphocytes T 淋巴细胞
Thoracentesis 胸腔穿刺術
Thymus
胸腺
Toxins 毒素
Vinblastine 長春花鹼，長春鹼;
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